The upper extremity refers to the anatomical region of the body that includes the shoulder, arm, elbow, forearm, wrist, and hand. Research in the area of upper extremity focuses on understanding the structure, function, and biomechanics of these body parts, as well as the diagnosis and treatment of injuries and conditions that affect the upper extremity. This can include studies on musculoskeletal disorders, nerve injuries, joint instability, fractures, arthritis, and other conditions that impact the upper limb. Researchers in this area may also explore rehabilitation techniques, surgical interventions, and new technologies to improve outcomes for individuals with upper extremity injuries or conditions.